novel for you Chapter 233 The four internationally renowned shipping giants!
Chapter 233 The four internationally renowned shipping giants!
Repulse Bay mid-level villa.
Study room on the third floor.
Malice, Ma Shimin, Wei Li, Wei Peter, Bao Fuda, Kayla, Tang Shilian, and Lin Xiuzhi had dinner together at the Yang family villa.
They knew that the boss had been to Yanjing for inspection for more than half a month, but they didn't know exactly when the boss would come back.
Now, Lin Xiuzhi called them in advance to inform them to come to the Repulse Bay Mid-level Villa.
Now these people are the most important members of the Imperial Group.
"Boss, are you going to the mainland this time?" Ma Shimin asked curiously.
This time Yang Ming and more than 30 other representatives of Chinese capital in Hong Kong were invited back to Yanjing to attend the National Day Ceremony, and this was reported in newspapers one after another.
Yang Ming is the most special one, staying in Yanjing for more than half a month.
They only learned from newspapers and periodicals that Mr. Yang sent a large amount of money to China, that is, the news about donating 100 million Hong Kong dollars to China as a student fund every year.
"I came back from my trip to Yanjing with a full harvest. In the future, the benefits will be more and more."
Returning with a full load?
More and more income in the future?
I'm afraid Lin Xiuzhi, who followed Yang Ming to Yanjing for so long, wouldn't be able to tell.
This time Yang Ming asked them to come over not to talk about these things.
The purpose of Yang Ming's call this time.
That is to establish the First Shipping Group.
"The purpose of calling you here this time is to establish the first shipping group under the Imperial Group."
First Shipping Group?
Except for Merliss, Ma Shimin and others were a little surprised.
Who in Hong Kong, or even around the world, doesn’t know that Bao Yugang is the world’s shipping king.
Before the 1950s, Hong Kong's shipping was almost entirely in the hands of foreign businessmen, led by British-owned Swire \u0026 Co., Jardine Matheson \u0026 Co., etc.
At that time, Chinese merchants only had dozens of small freight ships.
After the fifties.
Bao Yugang started to establish global shipping, and began to lease large shipping ships to Dongyang on a long-term basis, and developed rapidly.
He even persuaded Sundashi, who was the director of the accounting department of Huifeng Bank at the time, to break Huifeng Bank's rule not to lend to shipping companies and obtain a loan.
With the financial support of Huifeng Bank, Global Shipping has developed faster.
In the early 1960s, Sandus began to serve as the chief executive of Huifeng Bank. At that time, Huifeng Bank had decided to support a group of local Chinese businessmen. Sandus selected Bao Yugang because of his cooperation with Bao Yugang in the 1950s. , began to vigorously support Bao Yugang's global shipping.
In the 1960s, Bao Yugang's global shipping developed even more rapidly, and his maritime kingdom began to take shape.
It was also at that time that Huifeng Bank and Global Shipping formed shipping companies such as Global Shipping Bermuda Company and Global Shipping Bahamas Shipping Company respectively through cross-shareholding.
In 1973, Bao Yugang owned 57 large ships, with a total tonnage of 9.6 million tons. Even at that time, the total tonnage of M-country shipping kings, Greek shipping king Onassis, and Bao Yugang's global shipping tonnage were increasingly different. The bigger.
Since 1957, in addition to Global Shipping becoming the head office of the Bao Yugang Group, it has more than 200 companies registered in seaside cities around the world.
Among them, the most famous ones are Global Bahamas Shipping, Global Shipping Investments, Global Wheelock Lines, Asia Shipping, and Longfeng International.
Among them, Longfeng International was originally a subsidiary of Wheelock \u0026 Company. In the 1960s, Bao Yugang gained control and held 20% of the shares in the Asian shipping industry.
Now this company has 16 large ships with a carrying capacity of 1.66 million tons.
Historically, Bao Yugang successfully acquired Wharf through Longfeng International.
The fastest growing business of Global Shipping is the Asian shipping industry. It was established in 1941 and listed in 1948. Bao Yugang has been focusing on cultivating it.
After taking control in the 1960s, it now owns 38 large ships, from 390,000 tons in the early 1970s to 4.96 million tons now.
In 1978, Bao Yugang's shipping kingdom was already at its peak, with a total tonnage of more than 20 million tons, making him the world's well-deserved shipping king.
In Xiangjiang.
Except Bao Yugang.
Another shipping king who has entered the world class is Dong Haoyun.
Dong Haoyun came into contact with the shipping industry in the 1920s and 1930s. In the 1940s, he established the China Shipping Trust Company in Hong Kong.
During the 1940s and 1950s, Dong Haoyun's shipping industry suffered a great blow due to the complex international environment, but he finally managed to survive.
After the 1960s, it began to develop vigorously. At that time, it already owned the largest ship in Asia, exceeding 70,000 tons.
After the 1970s, Dong Haoyun's Orient Overseas Container Group was successfully listed, and began to attribute its other fleets and subsidiaries to Orient Overseas.
Among them, in 1980, Orient Overseas Holdings spent huge sums of money to acquire the largest shipping group in country Y, the Furnassian Shipping Company. The total tonnage soared from hundreds of thousands of tons to 1.2 million tons. It was the largest subsidiary of the Orient Overseas Group. company.
Except for this one, in 1980, the combined tonnage of ships of all its companies had reached 11 million tons.
Its shipping industry also spans the world.
Yang Ming knew that Dong Haoyun was very important in Hong Kong and even the global shipping industry.
Historically, Dong Haoyun, like the senior management team of Wheelock \u0026 Company, made a desperate move and invested a large amount of money to expand his shipping group, but later encountered a great crisis.
Among them, historically, Wheelock \u0026 Company was swallowed up by the Bao Yugang family.
As for Dong Haoyun, after handing Orient Overseas to his eldest son, he owed more than 20 billion Hong Kong dollars in foreign debt before his death.
Moreover, Yang Ming knew that Dong Haoyun was most famous not for his shipping company, but for his eldest son.
When Yang Ming attended the National Day ceremony in Yanjing, Dong Haoyun also visited Yang Ming in person.
Yang Ming may have a better feeling about Dong Haoyun than Bao Yugang.
Although Dong Haoyun usually keeps a low profile and only focuses on the shipping industry, he is the second among the four Chinese-owned shipping giants in the Hong Kong shipping industry and is also one of the top ten world shipping kings in the world.
Except these two.
Next is the third largest Chinese-owned shipping group in Hong Kong.
Huaguang Shipping!
The founder of Huaguang Shipping is Zhao Congyan. He established Huaguang Shipping Company in the 1940s. Considering his own lack of ability, he sent his eldest son Zhao Shipeng to study at the Shipbuilding University of Country Y. Later, he also studied at the famous Gotenberg Shipyard in Switzerland. He interned and worked at the Lant Brothers Financial Company and Lloyd's Register of Shipping in China, which laid the foundation for his future return to Hong Kong to manage the Huaguang Shipping Industry.
Returning to Hong Kong in the 1960s, he began to take over the Wah Kwong Shipping Industry from his father.
At that time, Huaguang Shipping only had four ships.
The most successful place for Zhao's shipping industry and Zhao Shipeng was in the early 1960s, when the world's shipping industry was in recession and a large number of old ships in Europe were abandoned in major ports.
There are more than 300 ships in the Port of Aden.
At that time, it only took US$60,000 to purchase a 10,000-ton ship, of which US$40,000 could be borrowed from a bank.
After Zhao Congyan and his son learned the news, they immediately thought it was a good opportunity. Zhao Shipeng immediately went to Greece and the port of Aden to investigate and found that the news they got was true.
They began to buy a large number of old ships at the Port of Aden. Some of them were incorporated into the Zhao family's Huaguang Shipping Industry, and some were directly dismantled and sold as scrap metal, allowing the Zhao family to make a fortune.
In the early 1960s, the famous Lloyd's Insurance Company of Country Y announced a substantial increase in insurance premiums for shipping cargo on old ships. Toyo was the one who had the biggest reaction at the time.
At that time, Toyo Shipyard and the shipbuilding industry accounted for half of the global market.
In order to maintain its own shipbuilding market, Toyo encourages all Toyo buyers around the world to purchase new ships. They only need to pay 20% of the down payment, and the remaining 80% can be borrowed from Toyo's banks at an annual interest rate of 5%.
At that time, Bao Yugang and Dong Haoyun in Xiangjiang began to shift from operating old ships to ordering new ships. In 1965, Zhao Congyan's fourth son, Zhao Shiguang, went to Dongyang to order new ships on behalf of Huaguang Shipping Industry. 6 ships, however, further enhance the development of Huaguang shipping industry.
After the 1970s, Huaguang seized the opportunity and cooperated with Hengxuan Bank to list its New World Shipping Industry. After raising HK$140 million, Huaguang Shipping also began to go public, and Huaguang Real Estate also began to list. Listed.
Three companies went public and raised a total of HK$800 million.
With these funds, the Zhao family began to purchase more ships around the world, including a 227,000-ton supertanker.
In 1974, Huaguang Shipping took advantage of the low stock market at that time to acquire New Century Shipping Industry through a share exchange. The fleet also increased to 29 ships with a deadweight of more than 1.08 million tons.
Historically, in the 1980s, Huaguang Shipping continued to expand its scale to 70 large ships with a load capacity of more than 5 million tons, becoming the third largest shipping company in Hong Kong.
In addition to these three major Chinese-owned shipping companies.
There is also the Cao family's Wanbang Shipping.
Cao Wenjing was born into a shipping family on the Huangpu River in Shanghai in the 1920s.
In 1949, all the Cao family immigrated from Shencheng to Xiangjiang. Cao Wenjing began to rent ferries to transport goods back and forth between Xiangjiang, Weihaiwei, Dongyang and other routes.
In the 1950s, affected by the international environment, Cao Wenjing saw an opportunity and began to buy old ships to form the Wanbang fleet.
Even when he was in Japan, he competed with shipping companies in Japan to do shipping business, and accumulated a lot of funds and reputation in Hong Kong, Japan, and even around the world.
Next, he began to gradually eliminate the old ships and replace them with a modern fleet.
In 1972, Cao Wenjing officially registered Wanbang Shipping Investment Company, which was successfully listed in Xiangjiang in October of the same year.
In the mid-1970s, it already owned 10 large ships with a carrying capacity of more than 332,000 tons.
However, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, he and Bao Yugang predicted that the global shipping industry would suffer a great blow, and he began to gradually give up on the shipping industry.
However, historically it has exceeded 1.57 million tons in the 1990s.
In addition, Wanbang Group is involved in all walks of life.
Even, the business spreads all over Southeast Asia.
In addition to the four major Chinese-owned shipping companies in Xiangjiang, which are the most famous, Xiangjiang is historically known as the four giants of Chinese-owned shipping companies in Hong Kong.
In fact, there are many other Chinese-owned shipping companies in Xiangjiang.
For example, Huo Yingdong developed sea transportation in the early days, transporting goods back and forth between China and Hong Kong, and even Haojiang. Especially in the 1950s, when the international economic blockade was imposed on the country, Huo Yingdong was quietly transporting things to the country. , laying a deep foundation for his subsequent relationship with the country.
Later, Huo Yingdong had developed his industry into real estate and basically gave up on shipping.
Except Huo Yingdong.
There is also the Xu Shixun family, a shareholder of Huifeng Bank.
His father, Xu Aizhou, was the first-generation shipping king. He ran shipping and oil businesses before World War II. In the 1940s, he moved to Xiangjiang as his base. In 1957, he established China State Construction Engineering Corporation in Xiangjiang, engaged in infrastructure, aviation, real estate development and investment, with its main properties There are also China State Construction Building, Bank of Asia, Zhongyi Building, Suning Building, and Kwai Chung Container Terminal. In 1966, Xu Aizhou passed away, and his family business was reorganized. The eldest son Xu Qibo was in charge of the shipping industry, the second son Xu Shifen was in charge of the mining business, and Xu Shixun was in charge of the real estate. .
In addition to the fact that the Xu family was also the shipping king of Xiangjiang.
The early comprador families, the Kwok Yong On Group, Li Xiaozhao's family Li Hysan Group and other Chinese-owned companies were actually involved in shipping.
The scale of these shipping companies is too small, or they have gradually given up these businesses, and cannot be compared with the four major shipping industries.
In Hong Kong.
In addition to the four major Chinese-owned shipping groups and other small and medium-sized Chinese shipping companies.
Before this, it was the four major foreign banks in Hong Kong that truly monopolized the shipping industry in Hong Kong.
Including Jardine Shipping, Wheelock Shipping, even Swire Shipping, Hutchison Shipping, and Wharf Shipping.
These companies, except when it comes to real estate and other industries, would not have emerged if it were not for the later rise of Chinese-owned shipping giants such as Bao Yugang and Dong Haoyun.
It has always been these British-owned foreign companies that have monopolized shipping in Hong Kong and around the world.
Among them, Wheelock \u0026 Company now has a total deadweight tonnage of nearly 1.4 million tons.
Jardine Matheson Shipping, Hutchison Shipping, Swire Shipping, and Wharf Shipping are similar in size to Wheelock \u0026 Company.
It is precisely because of that that the current British-owned foreign companies, even Jardine Matheson Land and Hutchison Whampoa, before they were acquired by the Empire Group, their shipping and Asia shipping are really far behind Bao Yugang's Global Shipping. .
Especially the two major shipping groups owned by Bao Yugang.
The company ranks first in Hong Kong, with a global shipping capacity of more than 10 million tons.
One is the second largest in Hong Kong, with a total shipping tonnage of nearly 5 million tons in Asia.
Chapter One!
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